Diagnosis of HCM can be challenging

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) diagnosis may be difficult because of its varied clinical presentation1-3

HCM symptoms can be debilitating, often overlapping with those of other diseases and conditions1-3

Criteria Clinical presentation
Common symptoms of HCM2,5
  • Angina
  • Dyspnea
  • Palpitations
  • Syncope
  • Fatigue
  • Exercise intolerance 

Overlapping diseases/conditions1,2

  • Arrhythmias (e.g., atrial fibrillation)
  • Aortic stenosis
  • Hypertensive heart disease 
  • Coronary artery disease 
  • Infiltrative cardiomyopathies (e.g., amyloidosis, Fabry disease) 
  • Athlete’s heart
  • Asthma/COPD]
25 %

of patients with
HCM were not diagnosed for at least 3 years.4

  • Despite it being a common and frequently inherited disease,3 at least 85% of Americans with HCM are likely undiagnosed1,5
  • Patients are also commonly asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic, which adds to the challenges in diagnosis1,6

Identifying HCM, a disease with diverse symptomatology,
is the crucial first step in a successful patient journey1,6

References:
  1. Naidu, Srihari S, editor. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Second ed., Springer International Publishing, 2019.
  2. Ommen SR, et al. 2024 AHA/ACC/AMSSM/HRS/PACES/SCMR Guideline for the Management of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024;83(23):2324-405.
  3. Crean AM, et al. General Clinical Practice Update: Canadian Cardiovascular Society Clinical Practice Update on Contemporary Management of the Patient with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Can J Cardiol 2024;40(9):1503-23.
  4. Salberg L, et al. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a heart burden and challenging diagnosis. Value Health 2016;19(3):A52.
  5. Maron BJ, et al. Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2022;79(4):372-89.
  6. Ommen SR, et al. 2020 AHA/ACC guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2020;142(25):e558-e631.